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論文

Analysis on cooling behavior for simulated molten core material impinging to a horizontal plate in a sodium pool

松下 肇希*; 小林 蓮*; 堺 公明*; 加藤 慎也; 松場 賢一; 神山 健司

Proceedings of 13th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal-Hydraulics, Operation and Safety (NUTHOS-13) (Internet), 9 Pages, 2022/09

ナトリウム冷却高速炉の炉心損傷事故では、溶融炉心物質が制御棒案内管などの流路を通って炉心領域下の炉心入口プレナムに流れ込む。溶融炉心物質は、ナトリウム冷却材中で入口プレナムの水平板に衝突しながら冷却・固化されると見込まれる。しかし、水平構造物に衝突した溶融炉心物質の固化・冷却挙動は、これまで十分に研究されていなかった。これはナトリウム冷却高速炉の安全性向上の観点から解明が必要な重要な現象である。そこで、カザフスタン共和国国立原子力センターの実験施設において、模擬溶融炉心物質(アルミナ: Al$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$)を水平構造物上のナトリウム冷却材中に放出する一連の実験が実施された。本研究では、高速炉安全性評価コードSIMMER-IIIを用いたナトリウム試験に関する解析を実施した。解析結果と実験データの比較により、解析手法の妥当性を確認した。また、ジェット衝突時の冷却・固化挙動を評価した。その結果、溶融炉心物質が水平板への衝突により破砕され、周辺部へ飛散することがわかった。さらに、模擬溶融炉心物質がナトリウムによって冷却され、その後、固化することを確認した。

論文

Validation of analysis models on relocation behavior of molten core materials in sodium-cooled fast reactors based on the melt discharge experiment

五十嵐 魁*; 大貫 涼二*; 堺 公明*; 加藤 慎也; 松場 賢一; 神山 健司

Proceedings of 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE 2020) (Internet), 6 Pages, 2020/08

In order to improve the safety of nuclear power plants, it is necessary to make sure measures against their severe accidents. Especially, in the case of a sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR), there is a possibility of significant energy release due to formation of a large-scale molten fuel pool accompanied by re-criticality in the event of a core disruptive accident (CDA). It is important to ensure in-vessel retention that keeps and confines damaged core material in the reactor vessel even if the CDA occurs. CDA scenario initiated by Unprotected Loss Of Flow (ULOF), which is a typical cause of core damage, is generally categorized into four phases according to the progression of core-disruptive status, which are the initiating, early-discharge, material-relocation and heat-removal phases for the latest design in Japan. During the material-relocation phase, the molten core material flows down mainly through the control rod guide tube and is discharged into the inlet coolant plenum below the bottom of the core. The discharged molten core material collides with the bottom plate of the inlet plenum. Clarification of the accumulation behavior of molten core material with such a collision on the bottom plate is important to reduce uncertainties in the safety assessment of CDA. In present study, in order to make clear behavior of core melt materials during the CDAs of SFRs, analysis was conducted using the SIMMER-III code for a melt discharge simulation experiment in which low-melting-point alloy was discharged into a shallow water pool. This report shows the validation results for the melt behavior by comparing with the experimental data.

報告書

Phase 1 code assessment of SIMMER-III; A Computer program for LMFR core disruptive accident analysis

近藤 悟; 飛田 吉春

JAEA-Research 2019-009, 382 Pages, 2020/03

JAEA-Research-2019-009.pdf:22.82MB

日本原子力研究開発機構(旧動力炉・核燃料開発事業団)が開発したSIMMER-IIIは、2次元・多速度場・多成分流体力学を空間・時間依存の核動特性モデルと結合した計算コードであり、液体金属高速炉の炉心崩壊事故の解析に広く利用されている。コードの開発と並行して、包括的なコード検証プログラムを、第1期(流体力学個別モデルのverification)及び第2期(炉心崩壊事故における複雑かつ重要な現象についてのvalidation)の2段階に分けて実施してきた。SIMMER-III検証プログラムには欧州の研究開発機関が参加し、第1期の成果は1996年に総合的にとりまとめられた。本報告書は元の1996年の非公式の文書を再生・改訂することにより、第1期検証の研究成果を再編集したものである。第1期検証プログラムでは、流体対流、境界面積及び運動量交換、熱伝達、溶融・固化、蒸発・凝縮の分野で計34のテスト問題の解析が参加機関により分担して実施された。第1期プログラムで明らかとなった課題についてはその後のモデル開発・改良及び第2期プログラムに反映した。本報告書は新たに得られた研究知見に基づいて改訂しているが、参加者による元の解析結果と結論は、批判的な内容を含めて、そのまま記載している。

論文

Numerical simulations of gas-liquid-particle three-phase flows using a hybrid method

Guo, L.*; 守田 幸路*; 飛田 吉春

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 53(2), p.271 - 280, 2016/02

 被引用回数:7 パーセンタイル:55.03(Nuclear Science & Technology)

For the analysis of debris behavior in core disruptive accidents of liquid metal fast reactors, a hybrid computational tool was developed using the discrete element method (DEM) for calculation of solid particle dynamics and a multi-fluid model of a reactor safety analysis code, SIMMER-III, to reasonably simulate transient behavior of three-phase flows of gas-liquid-particle mixtures. A coupling numerical algorithm was developed to combine the DEM and fluid-dynamic calculations, which are based on an explicit and a semi-implicit method, respectively. The developed method was validated based on experiments of water-particle dam break and fluidized bed in systems of gas-liquid-particle flows. Reasonable agreements between the simulation results and experimental data demonstrate the validity of the present method for complicated three-phase flows with large amounts of solid particles.

論文

A Numerical study on local fuel-coolant interactions in a simulated molten fuel pool using the SIMMER-III code

Cheng, S.; 松場 賢一; 磯崎 三喜男; 神山 健司; 鈴木 徹; 飛田 吉春

Annals of Nuclear Energy, 85, p.740 - 752, 2015/11

 被引用回数:26 パーセンタイル:90.65(Nuclear Science & Technology)

Studies on local fuel-coolant interactions (FCI) in a molten pool are crucial to the analyses of severe accidents that could occur for sodium-cooled fast reactors (SFRs). To clarify the characteristics of this interaction, in recent years a series of simulated experiments, which covers a variety of conditions including much difference in water volume, melt temperature, water subcooling and water release site (pool surface or bottom), was conducted at the Japan Atomic Energy Agency by delivering a given quantity of water into a molten pool formed with a low-melting-point alloy. In this study, motivated by acquiring further evidence for understanding its mechanisms, interaction characteristics including the pressure-buildup as well as mechanical energy release and its conversion efficiency, are investigated using the SIMMER-III, an advanced fast reactor safety analysis code. It is confirmed that, similar to experiments, the water volume, melt temperature and water release site are observable to have remarkable impact on the interaction, while the role of water subcooling seems to be less prominent. The performed analyses also suggest that the most probable reason leading to the limited pressurization and resultant mechanical energy release for a given melt and water temperature within the non-film boiling range, even under a condition of much larger volume of water entrapped within the pool, should be primarily due to an isolation effect of vapor bubbles generated at the water-melt interface.

論文

First analysis of local fuel-coolant interactions in a molten pool by SIMMER-III using reactor materials

Cheng, S.; 松場 賢一; 磯崎 三喜男; 神山 健司; 鈴木 徹; 飛田 吉春

Proceedings of 23rd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-23) (DVD-ROM), 9 Pages, 2015/05

To clarify the mechanisms underlying local fuel-coolant interactions (FCI) in a molten pool, in this study, several latest calculations with reactor materials were performed using SIMMER-III, an advanced fast reactor safety analysis code. The performed SIMMER-III analyses suggest that despite of a comparatively larger temperature range of molten-fuel and sodium possibly varied during reactor accidents, the isolation effect of vapor bubbles generated at the melt-sodium interface seems to be the unique dominant mechanism that leads to the limited pressurization. Knowledge and fundamental data from this work might be utilized for future empirical-approach studies (e.g. those investigating the characteristics of critical coolant volume required for achieving the saturated pressurization at varied melt and coolant temperatures).

論文

A Preliminary evaluation of unprotected loss-of-flow accident for a prototype fast-breeder reactor

鈴木 徹; 飛田 吉春; 川田 賢一; 田上 浩孝; 曽我部 丞司; 松場 賢一; 伊藤 啓; 大島 宏之

Nuclear Engineering and Technology, 47(3), p.240 - 252, 2015/04

 被引用回数:27 パーセンタイル:91.4(Nuclear Science & Technology)

In the original licensing application for the prototype fast-breeder reactor, MONJU, the event progression during an unprotected loss-of-flow (ULOF), which is one of the technically inconceivable events postulated beyond design basis, was evaluated. Through this evaluation, it was confirmed that radiological consequences could be suitably limited even if mechanical energy was released. Following the Fukushima-Daiichi accident, a new nuclear safety regulation has become effective in Japan. The conformity of MONJU to this new regulation should hence be investigated. The objectives of the present study are to conduct a preliminary evaluation of ULOF for MONJU, reflecting the knowledge obtained after the original licensing application through CABRI experiments and EAGLE projects, and to gain the prospect of In-Vessel Retention (IVR) for the conformity of MONJU to the new regulation. The preliminary evaluation in the present study showed that no significant mechanical energy release would take place, and that thermal failure of the reactor vessel could be avoided by the stable cooling of disrupted-core materials. This result suggests that the prospect of IVR against ULOF, which lies within the bounds of the original licensing evaluation and conforms to the new nuclear safety regulation, will be gained.

論文

SIMMER-III analyses of local fuel-coolant interactions in a simulated molten fuel pool; Effect of coolant quantity

Cheng, S.; 松場 賢一; 磯崎 三喜男; 神山 健司; 鈴木 徹; 飛田 吉春

Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations, 2015, p.964327_1 - 964327_14, 2015/00

 被引用回数:6 パーセンタイル:45.92(Nuclear Science & Technology)

To clarify the mechanisms underlying local fuel-coolant interactions (FCI) in a molten pool, in recent years several experimental tests, with comparatively larger difference in coolant volumes, were conducted at the Japan Atomic Energy Agency by delivering a given quantity of water into a molten pool formed with a low-melting-point alloy. In this study, to further understand this interaction, interaction characteristics including the pressure-buildup as well as mechanical energy release and its conversion efficiency are investigated using the SIMMER-III, an advanced fast reactor safety analysis code. It is found that the SIMMER-III code not only reasonably simulates the transient pressure and temperature variations during local FCIs, but also supports the limited tendency of pressurization and resultant mechanical energy release as observed from experiments when the volume of water delivered into the pool increases. The performed analyses also suggest that the most probable reason leading to such limited tendency should be primarily due to an isolation effect of vapor bubbles generated at the water-melt interface.

報告書

ナトリウム冷却MOX燃料大型炉心の再臨界回避方策の評価

藤田 朋子

JNC TN9400 2000-038, 98 Pages, 2000/04

JNC-TN9400-2000-038.pdf:7.49MB

実用化戦略調査研究の一環として、有力な候補プラントの1つであるナトリウム冷却MOX燃料大型炉心について、再臨界回避方策の評価を実施した。実証炉の炉心崩壊事故解析等による従来の知見から、流量低下型事象時に炉停止に失敗し、大規模な溶融燃料プールが形成されて初めて、径方向揺動等による燃料の移動集中が生じ、厳しい即発臨界現象に至る可能性があることが分かっている。再臨界の可能性を排除するために、炉心物質の再配置を制御するCMR(Controlled Material Relocation)概念に基づいた再臨界回避方策の候補として、内部ダクト付き集合体、LAB(下部軸ブランケット)一部削除型集合体が提案されている。これらの方策についてSIMMER-IIIコードを用いた予備解析を実施し、CMR有効性の比較検討を行った。検討した候補のうち、内部ダクト付き集合体が最も燃料流出が早く、再臨界回避方策として有力である見通しを得た。LAB一部削除集合体でも、若干燃料流出は遅くなるが有望な候補である。しかしながら、中央ピンにUAB(上部軸ブランケット)を残す場合は、炉心下方でのFCIによって炉心燃料領域内に燃料が再流入するため、炉心性能へ著しい影響を与えない限り、中央ピンのUABも削除する方が良い。中央ピンの燃料軸長の長短が燃料流出挙動に与える影響は小さく、むしろUAB有無の影響が重要である。

口頭

ナトリウム冷却高速炉の炉心崩壊事故時における溶融炉心物質の再配置挙動に関する研究,10; 容積制限されたナトリウムプールでの微細化・冷却挙動解析

松下 肇希*; 小林 蓮*; 堺 公明*; 加藤 慎也; 松場 賢一; 神山 健司

no journal, , 

ナトリウム冷却高速炉の炉心崩壊事故時にナトリウムプール中の水平構造物に衝突する炉心溶融物質の微細化・冷却挙動を解明することを目的として、ナトリウム試験を対象に解析を実施した。試験との比較の結果、容積が制限された条件においても模擬物質は平板衝突後に微粒化し、冷却が促進され、固化することが確認された。

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